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What is Presbyopia?

Presbyopia is a condition where with age the eye exhibits a progressively diminished ability to focus on near objects.

research evidence

Presbyopia’s exact mechanisms are not known with certainty; the research evidence most strongly supports a loss of elasticity of the crystalline lens, although changes in the lens’ curvature from continual growth and loss of power of the ciliar muscles (the muscles that bend and straighten the lens) have also been postulated as its cause.

Like gray hair and wrinkles, presbyopia is a symptom caused by the natural course of aging. The first signs of presbyopia – eyestrain, difficulty seeing in dim light, problems focusing on small objects and/or fine print – are usually first noticed between the ages of 40 and 50.

The ability to focus on near objects declines throughout life, from an accomodation of about 20 dioptres (ability to focus at 50 mm away) in a child, to 10 dioptres at age 25 (100 mm), and levels off at 0.5 to 1 dioptre at age 60 (ability to focus down to 1–2 meters only).

Signs & symptoms

The first symptoms most people notice are difficulty reading fine print, particularly in low light conditions, eyestrain when reading for long periods, blur at near or momentarily blurred vision when transitioning between viewing distances. Many extreme presbyopes complain that their arms have become "too short" to hold reading material at a comfortable distance.


Presbyopia symptoms, like other focus defects, become much less noticeable in bright sunlight due to the action of the iris closing to a smaller diameter. As with any lens, increasing the focal ratio of the lens increases depth of field by reducing the level of blur of out-of-focus objects (compare the effect of aperture on depth of field in photography).

Treatment

Although presbyopia is not a disease, it is a condition whereby the person over age 40 will slowly become dependent on spectacle correction for near vision reading or activities. Presbyopia will NEVER cause blindness. Spectacle correction will be necessary. Glasses may be prescribed solely for near vision correction, or traditional bifocal and modern progressive lenses can be used as well.

There are surgical alternatives for patients who do not desire to depend on spectacle correction to carry out their daily activities.

PresbyMAX

For the first time, it is possible to correct simultaneously both near and distance vision problems. PresbyMAX® can correct visual disturbances such as astigmatism, myopia or hyperopia along with presbyopia with excimer laser technology. These patients are able to read a book, drive a car, play sports without the need for eyeglasses. Both eyes are treated simultaneously and both eyes are able to see in both distances.

PresbyMAX® is a safe and effective procedure for emetropes, myopes and hyperopes as well as patients with astigmatism.

Traditional software for the correction of presbyopia have centered the treatment on the creation of a high level of spherical aberration in the cornea, which requires neuroprocessing of the brain.

The PresbyMAX® software does NOT induce corneal aberrations but adds energy to the cornea similar to refractive corneal implants creating a multifocal surface minimizing spectacle dependance and increases depth of focus without losing distance vision.

Refractive Lens Exchange

The Multifocal Intraocular Lens is a new revolutionary technology in intraocular lens (IOL) design which enables a patient to improve vision in all distances (both near and far) thus eliminating or reducing significantly the need for eyeglasses after surgery.

Until recently, cataracts patients who underwent surgery, required near reading bifocal glasses. At Tijuana Eye Center, we now offer all our patients with cataracts or those with significant visual impairment over the age of 50 the possibility to improve their vision with this new technology.

The multifocal intraocular lens was designed to improve both near and far vision. This is achieved through a process called apodization (gradual reduction in diffractive steps of the optic lens surface) thereby enabling focusing at different distances.

Fill out the following questionnaire below to determine if you are a good candidate for surgery:

Questionnaire
Key Points Summary
  • Age-Related Vision Changes: Diagnosis of vision difficulty in close-up tasks typical with aging.
  • Customized Visual Aids: Bifocals, progressive lenses, and reading glasses tailored to individual needs.
  • Surgical Options: Corrective surgeries like LASIK or lens implants to improve near vision.
  • Lifestyle Adjustments: Guidance on managing vision changes through lifestyle adaptations and visual aids.
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KEY

POINTS

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Copyright Š 2024 Tijuana Eye Center. All Rights Reserved.Todos Los Derechos Reservados. ATENCION AL PUBLICO EN GENERAL Permiso COFEPRIS 203300201A0987 LS 17AM020040034 Responsable Sanitario Dr. Juan P. Rodriguez P. 4452528 Escuela Superior de Oftalmologia del Instituto Barraquer de America.

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