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Tijuana Eye Center

What is Facial Paralysis?

Facial paralysis is a weakening of the facial muscles on one side of the face caused by problems in the facial nerve. When the facial nerve becomes inflamed or irritated it stops working properly.

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There are two facial nerves, one on each side of the face. Each facial nerve has subdivisions which control the majority of the facial muscles including the muscles that control facial expression, that open and close the mouth and eyes.

Facial nerve inflammation leading to paralysis is usually caused by a viral infection. The most common type of viral infection in facial paralysis is caused by herpes simplex, the same virus that causes mouth cold sores. A variant of facial paralysis caused by herpes zoster is called Ramsay Hunt Syndrome, the same virus that causes varicella and shingles. A less common cause of facial paralysis is Lyme Disease. Diabetic patients are prone to develop facial paralysis.

Symptoms

The majority of patients begin to develop symptoms gradually and manifests completely by 48 hours after onset. The first symptoms include unusual sensations on the affected side of the face, around the ear, changes in audition and taste. As the facial paralysis progresses, difficulty closing the mouth and eyes and keeping food in the mouth develops.

Diagnosis

Medical professionals usually diagnose facial paralysis on the basis of the physical medical exam. Examination of the facial muscles will reveal weakening in muscles contraction. Assessment of all cranial nerves can help narrow the location and cause of facial nerve inflammation.

If no other symptoms o signs of any other underlying problems exist, your doctor may diagnose facial paralysis without other diagnostic exams. It may be helpful to order blood glucose levels if the patient is diabetic or has a family history of diabetes.

Duration & Prevention

The majority of patients reach the height of symptoms 48 hours after onset and start to improve 2 weeks after and are usually completely recovered by 6 months. Rarely, the facial paralysis does not completely recover.

Prevention

There are no preventive measures.

Treatment

If symptoms are mild, no treatment may be necessary. Frequently, steroid treatments are begun the reduce inflammation and alleviate pain. Some doctors may use a combination of steroid and antiviral medication.

An important part of treatment is avoiding complications of facial paralysis. Dry eye, lagophthalmos and eye infections is common with facial paralysis. These ocular problems can lead to corneal scarring and visual impairment. Artificial tears are needed to help prevent drying.

Prognosis

Patients with facial paralysis usually recover completely. Exercises may help patients recover more quickly.

Factors associated with an unfavorable prognosis include a severe weakening of facial muscles, longer recovery time, advanced age, acute pain particularly around the eyes, and Ramsay Hunt Syndrome.

Key Points Summary
  • Focus on Eye Protection: Treatments aim to protect the eye from dryness and injury due to impaired blinking.
  • Multidisciplinary Approach: Collaboration with neurologists and other specialists to provide comprehensive care.
  • Customized Therapies: Options include lubrication, taping, or surgery depending on severity and patient needs.
  • Supportive Care: Counseling and support services are available to help patients cope with changes in facial function.
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Copyright Š 2024 Tijuana Eye Center. All Rights Reserved.Todos Los Derechos Reservados. ATENCION AL PUBLICO EN GENERAL Permiso COFEPRIS 203300201A0987 LS 17AM020040034 Responsable Sanitario Dr. Juan P. Rodriguez P. 4452528 Escuela Superior de Oftalmologia del Instituto Barraquer de America.

we have everything you need

Looking for the most popular opthalmologist clinic in Tijuana? Look no further.

Tijuana Eye Center

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